MULTIVALVULAR DISEASE
Combined valvular lesions are common, especially in rheumatic heart disease. In addition to organic lesions, development of mitral and tricuspid regurgitation or pulmonic regurgitation may occur secondary to the hemodynamic disturbance of other valvular lesions. In general, the manifestations of the more proximal valve lesion are the more prominent. For example, in patients with mitral and aortic valvular lesions of similar severity, mitral valve manifestations may predominate and the degree of aortic stenosis may be underestimated. Failure to correct all significant valvular lesions at the time of surgery may lead to an inadequate clinical result and illustrates the importance of excluding concomitant lesions at the time of catheterization. The surgical risk for double valve replacement is greater than that for single valve replacement.
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- Endocrine Systems
- Beta Blockers
- CARDIAC TUMORS
- Outcome and Prognosis
- Renal Biopsy and Other Diagnostic Tests
- Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis
- PHYSIOLOGY OF THE CORONARY CIRCULATION
- EFFECTORS OF THE RESPIRATORY SYSTEM
- TUMORS OF THE PLEURAL SPACE
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- Women’s Health Program
- TREATMENT OF MALABSORPTION
- Muscular and Articular System
- DEFINITION
- Lower GI Bleeding
- Visualization of the Biliary Tree
- Mesangioproliferative Glomerulonephritis
- Community Acquired Pneumonia
- CLINICAL MANIFESTATIONS OF ENDSTAGE RENAL DISEASE
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- Diagnosis
- PHYSICAL THERAPY AND REHABILITATION
- EMBOLIC DISEASE
- CLINICAL APPROACH TO LIVER DISEASE
- Polycystic Kidney Disease (PKD)
- Pneumonia in the Immunocompromised Host
- Elimination of Waste Products of Metabolism and Drugs
- Uremic Osteodystrophy
- PATHOPHYSIOLOGY OF ISCHEMIC HEART DISEASE
- MICROSCOPIC ANATOMY
- NONOBSTRUCTIVE CAUSES OF ISCHEMIC HEART DISEASE
- Liver Failure
- Liddle’s Syndrome
- LIMITATION OF MFARCT SIZE