RESPIRATORY CONTROL CENTERS
The neurons controlling respiration are located at several levels in the brain stem. The most important network resides in the medulla oblongata, where respiratory rhythm originates. The pons contains an apneustic center, uninhibited activity of which results in sustained inspiratory spasm (apneusis) and a pneumotactic center, which regulates respiratory timing, thus determining the relative duration of inspiration and expiration. While these brain stem centers are responsible for the automatic control of ventilation, the cerebral cortex can override them during wakefulness to permit speech and other actions requiring voluntary control of ventilation.
- PERICARDIAL DISEASES - ACUTE PERICARDITIS
- TREATMENT
- Vitamin Dresistant Rickets
- Procainamide
- Liddle’s Syndrome
- Hypersensitivity Pneumonitis
- CARDIOMYOPATHY
- Texas MedicareRX
- Ovarian Cancer
- CARDIOVASCULAR PHYSIOLOGY DURING PREGNANCY - ELECTROPHYSIOLOGY
- AORTIC ARTERITIS
- NONPULMONARY FACTORS
- Sigmoidoscopy and Colonoscopy
- Regulation of Fluids and Electrolytes
- PULMOIIARY FUNCTION EVALUATION
- Restrictive Cardiomyopathy
- The Fanconi Syndrome
- Improving Case Management
- PLEURAL DISEASE
- Ascites
- Indirect
- Urinalysis, Renal ‘Tubular Function, and Urine Flow Rate
- CLINICAL CLASSIFICATION OF JAUNDICE
- Complications of Dialysis
- Etiology and Pathogenesis
- PRE-EXCITATIOIi SYNDROMES
- CARCINOMA OF THE PANCREAS - Diagnosis
- LIVER BIOPSY
- The Use of Diuretics
- ELECTRICAL CONDUCTION SYSTEM
- Pulmonary Vasculitis
- PATHOPHYSIOLOGY OF AIRWAY OBSTRUCTION
- Nephrogenic Diabetes Insipidus (NDI)
- Familial Polyposis of the Colon
- Elimination of Waste Products of Metabolism and Drugs